iOS - 委托(Delegates) - IOS教程

委托(Delegates)示例

假设对象A调用B来执行一项操作,操作一旦完成,对象A就必须知道对象B已完成任务且对象A将执行其他必要操作。

在上面的示例中的关键概念有

  • A是B的委托对象
  • B引用一个A
  • A将实现B的委托方法
  • B通过委托方法通知

创建一个委托(Delegates)对象

1. 创建一个单一视图的应用程序

2. 然后选择文件 File -> New -> File...

3. 然后选择Objective C单击下一步

4. 将SampleProtocol的子类命名为NSObject,如下所示

5. 然后选择创建

6.向SampleProtocol.h文件夹中添加一种协议,然后更新代码,如下所示:

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>

// 协议定义

@protocol SampleProtocolDelegate <NSObject>

@required

- (void) processCompleted;

@end

// 协议定义结束

@interface SampleProtocol : NSObject



{

   // Delegate to respond back

   id <SampleProtocolDelegate> _delegate; 



}

@property (nonatomic,strong) id delegate;



-(void)startSampleProcess; // Instance method



@end

7.修改 SampleProtocol.m 文件代码,实现实例方法:

#import "SampleProtocol.h"



@implementation SampleProtocol



-(void)startSampleProcess{

    

    [NSTimer scheduledTimerWithTimeInterval:3.0 target:self.delegate 

    selector:@selector(processCompleted) userInfo:nil repeats:NO];

}

@end

8. 将标签从对象库拖到UIView,从而在ViewController.xib中添加UILabel,如下所示:

9. 创建一个IBOutlet标签并命名为myLabel,然后按如下所示更新代码并在ViewController.h里显示SampleProtocolDelegate

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

#import "SampleProtocol.h"



@interface ViewController : UIViewController<SampleProtocolDelegate>

{

    IBOutlet UILabel *myLabel;

}

@end

10. 完成授权方法,为SampleProtocol创建对象和调用startSampleProcess方法。如下所示,更新ViewController.m文件

#import "ViewController.h"



@interface ViewController ()



@end



@implementation ViewController



- (void)viewDidLoad

{

    [super viewDidLoad];

    SampleProtocol *sampleProtocol = [[SampleProtocol alloc]init];

    sampleProtocol.delegate = self;

    [myLabel setText:@"Processing..."];

    [sampleProtocol startSampleProcess];

    // Do any additional setup after loading the view, typically from a nib.

}



- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning

{

    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];

    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.

}



#pragma mark - Sample protocol delegate

-(void)processCompleted{    

    [myLabel setText:@"Process Completed"];

}





@end

11. 将看到如下所示的输出结果,最初的标签也会继续运行,一旦授权方法被SampleProtocol对象所调用,标签运行程序的代码也会更新。