SQLite Having 子句 - SQLITE教程

SQLite Having 子句

HAVING 子句允许指定条件来过滤将出现在最终结果中的分组结果。

WHERE 子句在所选列上设置条件,而 HAVING 子句则在由 GROUP BY 子句创建的分组上设置条件。

语法

下面是 HAVING 子句在 SELECT 查询中的位置:


SELECT

FROM

WHERE

GROUP BY

HAVING

ORDER BY

在一个查询中,HAVING 子句必须放在 GROUP BY 子句之后,必须放在 ORDER BY 子句之前。下面是包含 HAVING 子句的 SELECT 语句的语法:


SELECT column1, column2

FROM table1, table2

WHERE [ conditions ]

GROUP BY column1, column2

HAVING [ conditions ]

ORDER BY column1, column2

实例

假设 COMPANY 表有以下记录:


ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY

----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------

1           Paul        32          California  20000.0

2           Allen       25          Texas       15000.0

3           Teddy       23          Norway      20000.0

4           Mark        25          Rich-Mond   65000.0

5           David       27          Texas       85000.0

6           Kim         22          South-Hall  45000.0

7           James       24          Houston     10000.0

8           Paul        24          Houston     20000.0

9           James       44          Norway      5000.0

10          James       45          Texas       5000.0

下面是一个实例,它将显示名称计数小于 2 的所有记录:


sqlite > SELECT * FROM COMPANY GROUP BY name HAVING count(name) < 2;

这将产生以下结果:


ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY

----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------

2           Allen       25          Texas       15000

5           David       27          Texas       85000

6           Kim         22          South-Hall  45000

4           Mark        25          Rich-Mond   65000

3           Teddy       23          Norway      20000

下面是一个实例,它将显示名称计数大于 2 的所有记录:


sqlite > SELECT * FROM COMPANY GROUP BY name HAVING count(name) > 2;

这将产生以下结果:


ID          NAME        AGE         ADDRESS     SALARY

----------  ----------  ----------  ----------  ----------

10          James       45          Texas       5000