HTTPS & SSL

Code

server {
    listen 443 ssl http2;
    server_name example.com;

    ssl_certificate     /etc/ssl/certs/example.pem;
    ssl_certificate_key /etc/ssl/private/example.key;
    ssl_protocols       TLSv1.2 TLSv1.3;
    ssl_ciphers         HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
    ssl_session_cache   shared:SSL:10m;
    ssl_session_timeout 1d;

    # HSTS
    add_header Strict-Transport-Security "max-age=31536000" always;

    location / {
        proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3000;
    }
}

# Redirect HTTP to HTTPS
server {
    listen 80;
    server_name example.com;
    return 301 https://$host$request_uri;
}

Explanation

Nginx terminates TLS by holding the certificate and key and serving HTTPS to clients while talking plain HTTP to backends. ssl_protocols restricts to modern TLS versions, and HSTS forces browsers to use HTTPS for a year. A separate 80-listening server redirects all HTTP traffic to HTTPS.

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